GoudyRevis172: Новая страница: «Communication of info between neurons is conducted by stream of chemicals over a tiny gap labeled as the synapse. Chemicals, called neurotransmitters, tend to be rel...»

2012-04-19T12:53:32Z

Новая страница: «Communication of info between neurons is conducted by stream of chemicals over a tiny gap labeled as the synapse. Chemicals, called neurotransmitters, tend to be rel...»

Новая страница

Communication of info between neurons is conducted by stream of chemicals over a tiny gap labeled as the synapse. Chemicals, called neurotransmitters, tend to be released from one nerve cell at the presynaptic nerve terminal. Chemicals then cross the synapse where they might be accepted by the next neuron at a specialized web site labeled as a receptor. The action which follows activation of a receptor site can be either depolarization (an excitatory post synaptic potential) or perhaps hyper polarization (a particular inhibitory post synaptic potential). A depolarization makes it A Lot More likely that an action potential will fire; a hyperpolarization makes it LESS likely that a great action potential will fire.
Finding of Neurotransmitters
[http://serotonin.onsugar.com/ read about serotonin]
In 1921, a particular Austrian scientist named Otto Loewi discovered the first neurochemical. In his test (which came to him in a dream), he used 2 frog hearts. One heart (heart #1) ended up being nevertheless coupled to the vagus nerve. Heart #1 ended up being located in a room that was filled with saline. This house was associated to a second step that contained heart #2. Thus, liquid from slot provided #1 was authorized to flow into step #2. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (that was attached to heart #1) caused middle #1 to relax. Loewi also observed that after having a delay, heart #2 also slowed down. From this test, Loewi hypothesized that electric stimulation of the vagus nerve released a chemical into the liquid of slot provided #1 which flowed into room #2. He called this chemical "Vagusstoff". You now know this chemical as the neurochemical known to as acetylcholine.

Neurotransmitter Types
There are lots of kinds of chemicals which act as neurotransmitter substances. Below is a list of a few of them.
Tiny Molecule Neurotransmitter Substances
Acetylcholine (ACh) Dopamine (DA) Norepinephrine (NE)

[http://whatisserotonin.org serotonin] (5-HT) Histamine Epinephrine
Amino Chemicals
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Glycine Glutamate
Aspartate
Neuroactive Peptides - partial list just!
bradykinin beta-endorphin bombesin calcitonin
cholecystokinin enkephalin dynorphin insulin
gastrin substance P neurotensin glucagon
secretin somatostatin motilin vasopressin
oxytocin prolactin thyrotropin angiotensin II
sleep peptides galanin neuropeptide Y thyrotropin-releasing hormone
gonadotropnin-releasing hormone growth hormone-releasing hormone luteinizing hormone vasoactive intestinal peptide
Soluble Smells
Nitric Oxide (NO) Carbon Monoxide

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GoudyRevis172: Новая страница: «Communication of info between neurons is conducted by stream of chemicals over a tiny gap labeled as the synapse. Chemicals, called neurotransmitters, tend to be rel...»